Alisa Davidson
Revealed: July 16, 2026 at 11:21 am Up to date: July 16, 2026 at 12:14 pm
Edited and fact-checked:
July 16, 2026 at 11:21 am
In Temporary
1inch co-founder Anton Bukov launches Second Tier, a DeFi infrastructure challenge, following his dismissal from 1inch.

Anton Bukov, co-founder of decentralized change aggregator 1inch and the protocol architect behind its Router, Fusion, and Cross-chain Swap methods, has introduced his departure from the corporate and the launch of a brand new challenge, Second Tier. The enterprise, he states, is concentrated on “constructing safe, environment friendly methods that shut the gap between financial intent and its execution.”
Based on the challenge’s web site, Second Tier is constructed on the premise that the friction embedded in right now’s monetary system — intermediaries, settlement delays, permission layers, opaque phrases — will not be an inherent property of how worth strikes, however the product of deliberate design selections. Fairly than optimizing inside present constraints, the challenge operates one stage above them, redesigning the constraint itself. The said aim is infrastructure that capabilities the way in which electrical energy does: silently, universally, and with out gatekeepers — a system during which what a consumer can do with their capital and what the protocol permits are lastly similar.
In observe, this implies Second Tier will not be constructing a single product however a sequence of open, protocol-level architectures supposed to create fully new classes within the programmable economic system. The technical method prioritizes fixing issues at their root fairly than patching signs: constructing methods the place financial intent interprets instantly into execution, with no middleman layer absorbing worth or introducing delay.
The challenge is guided by 4 rules handled as id commitments fairly than coverage: consumer sovereignty over capital and knowledge, root-cause structure, full transparency of charges and interfaces, and long-term integrity towards customers and the product. All the pieces constructed is meant to be open — designed to be prolonged by others past the unique specification.
From 1inch to Second Tier: A Departure and a Conviction
In an accompanying assertion revealed on X, Bukov mirrored on his tenure at 1inch, which he co-founded in Could 2019. Throughout that interval, he led the protocol’s structure, safety, and financial design, overseeing what he describes as a sequence of category-defining primitives: the primary DEX aggregator, the primary Dutch-auction value discovery mechanism for swaps, and trustless cross-chain execution through atomic swaps.
“I’m pleased with that work, and even prouder of the individuals behind it,” he wrote, acknowledging the group as among the many most succesful within the business.
His departure, nevertheless, was not voluntary. Bukov disclosed that after spending months pushing for adjustments to the corporate’s management and communication constructions — prompted by suggestions from customers and teammates — he was dismissed in late November 2025.
He retains his standing as co-founder and holds a 50% shareholding, however has no involvement in 1inch’s operations, product structure, or safety oversight. The expertise crystallized a conviction he now treats as foundational: that the long-term success of any challenge rests equally on technical excellence and on management grounded in values that maintain beneath stress — neither one adequate with out the opposite.
It’s that conviction, he says, that’s driving Second Tier. “I imagine DeFi is the way in which to an open monetary system, one with no friction and no middlemen,” Bukov said. “I’d fairly construct that than wait round for it.”
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About The Creator
Alisa, a devoted journalist on the MPost, makes a speciality of crypto, AI, investments, and the expansive realm of Web3. With a eager eye for rising developments and applied sciences, she delivers complete protection to tell and interact readers within the ever-evolving panorama of digital finance.
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Alisa, a devoted journalist on the MPost, makes a speciality of crypto, AI, investments, and the expansive realm of Web3. With a eager eye for rising developments and applied sciences, she delivers complete protection to tell and interact readers within the ever-evolving panorama of digital finance.










